Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Anatomy

The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway in the wrist formed by carpal bones and the transverse carpal ligament. It contains the median nerve, 9 flexor tendons, and blood vessels.

Common Symptoms

Pain, tingling, and numbness in the hand and fingers (especially thumb, index, middle, and ring finger), often worsening at night.

Role and Purpose of Splint

The main purpose is to keep the wrist in a neutral position to reduce pressure inside the carpal tunnel, relieve median nerve compression, and prevent excessive flexion or extension.

※ While a neutral position is commonly used, some studies show that a slight extension (10~15 degrees) may further reduce pressure. Please follow the advice of your treating physician for the best position. Nighttime wear is particularly effective.

Wrist Fractures and Sprains

Anatomy

The wrist consists of the radius, ulna, and 8 carpal bones. Distal radius fractures are the most common. Various ligaments including the TFCC provide stability.

Common Symptoms

Pain, swelling, bruising, wrist instability, and limited range of motion.

Role and Purpose of Splint/Cast

To maintain proper anatomical alignment for bone healing, protect damaged ligaments, reduce pain and swelling, and prevent further injury.

Tendonitis and Tenosynovitis

Anatomy

Wrist and finger movements are controlled by flexor and extensor tendons surrounded by tendon sheaths containing synovial fluid to reduce friction.

Common Symptoms

Pain and swelling from repetitive movements, tenderness, and in some cases (e.g., De Quervain’s tenosynovitis), crepitus (friction sound).

Role and Purpose of Splint

To minimize movement of inflamed tendons and sheaths, provide rest, reduce inflammation, and prevent additional damage.

Arthritis

Anatomy

The wrist joint includes the radiocarpal and midcarpal joints, supported by cartilage, synovium, joint capsule, and surrounding ligaments including the TFCC.

Common Symptoms

Joint pain, morning stiffness, swelling, and decreased range of motion.

Role and Purpose of Splint

To stabilize the wrist in a functional position (usually 10~20° extension with slight ulnar deviation) to reduce joint stress and pain.

Post-Surgical Care

Stable fixation of ligaments, tendons, and bones is very important after surgery.

Role and Purpose of Splint/Cast: To protect the surgical site, control swelling, and create a stable environment for proper tissue healing.

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Cast / Splint Care Instructions

• Check daily that the cast or splint is not pressing too tightly on the skin.
• Keep the inside of the cast completely dry. Use a waterproof cover when showering.
• Seek immediate medical attention if you experience increased swelling, pain, color change in fingers (pale or bluish), numbness, or difficulty moving fingers.
• Follow your doctor's instructions regarding wearing time and weight-bearing limits.
• Do not place anything on top of the cast (bags, objects, etc.).
• Do not insert anything or scratch inside the cast if it itches.
• Children, elderly patients, and diabetics should be extra careful with any changes in symptoms.